参与产学研合作对科研人员国际和国内论文发表的影响——区域边界和院校层次的调节作用

当前文献对参与产学研互动是否会正向或负向影响科研人员的学术绩效尚未形成一致结论。本文搜集参加广东省企业科技特派员计划的共3 524名科研人员的相关数据,考察参与学企人员流动形式的产学研互动对其学术绩效的影响,包括对国际和国内论文发表的影响。研究发现,参与学企人员流动对学术绩效既有正向促进作用,也有负向削弱效应。结果表明,参与计划对特派员国际论文发表的促进作用大于国内论文。参与后,特派员国际论文发表的增长速率有显著增加,而国内论文发表的增长速率却明显减低。且高层次院校科研人员参与学企人员流动比一般院校人员获得更高的国际论文产出。本地科研人员参与学企人员流动能够比区域外人员获得更高的国际论文产出。研究结论对平衡科研人员学术研究和创新成果转化活动的政府产学研政策、学研机构行政机制和企业管理策略都具有重要参考价值。     

共享型领导对员工建言行为的影响 ——员工权力感的中介作用

本文探讨了共享型领导对员工建言行为的影响,以及员工权力感的中介效应和差错风险承担、角色自我效能感的调节作用,丰富了员工建言行为、共享型领导的相关理论并给出了相应的实践建议。以上海多家企业中的员工以及其直属上级领导作为研究对象,通过194对领导-下属有效调查问卷分析得出了以下结论:①共享型领导对员工的促进性建言与抑制性建言都有显著的正向预测作用;②员工权力感在共享型领导与员工建言行为之间存在中介作用;③差错风险承担在员工权力感与促进性建言之间存在调节作用,角色自我效能感在员工权力感与抑制性建言之间存在调节作用。本文在此研究结果的基础上进行讨论并给出相关管理建议。     

社会互动对规模养殖户环保饲料支付意愿的影响研究*——基于改进的目标导向理论模型分析框架

［目的］通过引入社会互动变量改进目标导向行为理论框架，探讨生猪规模养殖户对环保饲料的支付意愿及其影响因素，为完善畜禽养殖污染防治政策提供参考借鉴。［方法］以湖北省生猪规模养殖户为研究对象，应用Heckman两阶段模型，研究规模养殖户对环保饲料的支付意愿。［结果］大多数规模养殖户（8134%）愿意采用环保饲料，且平均意愿支付水平为每头生猪饲料成本的669%（4680元/头）。社会互动中的干群互动、同行互动均能显著提升规模养殖户对环保饲料的支付意愿，但同时同行互动不利于其意愿支付水平的提升。进一步的异质性分析表明，在环保饲料支付意愿决策上，社会互动较少的规模养殖户更容易受到制度规范的约束，而社会互动较多的规模养殖户则更易受到感知养殖热情的影响。［结论］政府部门应加大生态环保宣传力度，并借助多种方式推动规模养殖户进行社会互动； 同时可依据社会互动程度的不同，分别制定相应措施以促进规模养殖户对环保饲料支付意愿的提升。     

How social distance affects the intention and behavior of collaborative consumption: A study based on online car-hailing service

In recent years, advances in mobile communications technology have enabled collaborative consumption or product sharing between consumers on a large scale. Unlike traditional consumption, collaborative consumption is based on collaboration among individuals, so that the decision-making mechanisms of individual consumers may be different from those in traditional consumption scenarios. The current study focuses on how the social distance between consumers and drivers affects collaborative consumption intention in the case of online car-hailing services. In this study, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is used as the foundational framework, and we innovatively add the concept of social distance to the TPB to form a new, and integrated model. We test the model based on data collected from 315 online car-hailing users. The results shows that behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, positively influence collaborative consumption intention and behavior. More interestingly, we find that social distance has both direct and indirect impacts on collaborative consumption intention: The greater the social distance, the lower the collaborative consumption intention. Moreover, social distance also moderates the influence of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on collaborative consumption intention. To be specific, the influence of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on collaborative consumption intention is weakened when consumers perceive less social distance. The results suggest that the integrated model has a stronger explanatory power on collaborative consumption behavior. This study enhances the traditional TPB model and offers insight into promoting collaborative consumption in the context of the sharing economy.     

Do leveraged warrants prompt individuals to speculate on stock price reversals?

Using proprietary data on bank-issued knock-out warrants written on a stock index, we find that individual investors’ aggregate warrant portfolio speculates against the short-term trend of the index. We argue that contrarian trading is driven by the interaction of product design and investors’ preference for large leveraged positions. Investors tend to open larger positions whenever warrants offer higher leverage. As a result, investors open an aggregate long position when calls offer higher leverage than puts. Since knock-out leverages move systematically with the underlying, aggregate warrant positions become contrarian even if investors do not intend to speculate on reversals.     

基于Moran过程的PPP项目承包商机会主义行为演化动态

在PPP项目中，由于政府部门和承包商的目标不一致以及信息不对称等原因的存在，使得在其全寿命周期过程中，承包商的机会主义行为屡见不鲜。本文基于随机演化博弈理论，建构基于Moran过程的博弈模型，旨在探讨推动PPP项目承包商不采取机会主义行为策略的有利条件。研究表明，承包商数目不断扩大，通过降低承包商之间的举报成本，增大惩处力度，可使降低机会主义行为发生概率的效果显著。进一步，借助数值算例，对研究结果进行验证并给出相应的管理对策。     

网购食品消费者选择行为的影响因素

利用1 790份网络调查问卷数据,采用相关分析、交叉分析等统计方法,研究网购食品消费者选择行为,分析网购食品市场渗透率不高、用户黏性不足的主要原因,结果表明,消费者个性特征差异会导致对网购食品的不同态度,进而影响消费者对网购食品的选择行为;良好的网购环境、物美价廉的食品、优质的网购服务,是促使消费者选择网购食品的主要因素,对网购食品安全的担忧、习惯于传统购物方式、网购维权难度大,是抑制消费者选择网购食品的主要因素,尤其是网购食品"难维权、维权难"可能会放大消费者对网购食品产生的消极态度。为此,应加强网购食品多主体协同监管,消除消费者怀疑心理和不放心态度;建立以消费者需求为中心的网购食品质量安全供应链管理体系,推动线上市场和线下实体店紧密结合、融合发展;完善网购食品维权制度,畅通维权渠道。     

“一带一路”沿线省域生产性服务业与制造业联动融合关系辨析

选择"一带一路"沿线18个省域生产性服务业与技术或资本密集型装备制造业动态互动关系为研究对象,运用向量自回归(VAR)模型进行4个细分服务业和装备制造业脉冲响应比较研究,探究其双向互促性、行业异质性及长短期差异性。结果表明:二者虽然有长期均衡关系,但是互促作用具有非对称性。装备制造业对生产性服务业发展的总体拉动力强劲。但无论辅助联动式或价值链嵌入式生产性服务,都只是短期助推装备制造业发展,仍难以构成高端服务能力和发挥显著的规模经济效应,其长期匹配及推动作用较小。长期以来,装备制造业对知识密集型服务业需求程度不高,导致装备制造业对其拉动作用不明显,二者互动关联性较弱。不同互动机理及动态匹配方式下细分服务业与装备制造业互动效应差异性显著。装备制造业来自于自身内部的信息变动影响显著。应加强装备制造业创新投资引资、提升装备制造业产业集群创新竞争力、促使生产性服务业高质量发展、提高高层次人才培养引进效率,以促进沿线省域两大产业高层级耦合互动发展。     

Representatives of future generations as promoters of sustainability in corporate decision processes

Current protests of the young generation emphasize that interests of future generations should be taken more into account by policy makers and in corporate decision processes. As organizations contribute to enduring environmental and social problems, they are required to promote sustainability in order to preserve options for the well-being of future generations. However, organizational decision makers often take a short-term perspective and neglect investments in intergenerational justice. Previous theoretical work has acknowledged the importance of representing future generations in today's decision-making processes to adopt a long-term perspective in order to promote intergenerational justice. In a laboratory experiment, we show that appointing representatives of future generations at the organizational level can foster investments in intergenerational justice. Although this outcome is more pronounced when aligned with the representatives' individual incentives, it even persists for a representative who is monetarily penalized for advocating the interests of future generations.     

员工企业社会责任感知影响人力资源管理效能？—基于领导行为的协同中介

通过对贵州、广东和福建3个省80家企业1148名员工进行调研,基于员工对企业社会责任、领导行为感知对人力资源管理效能带来积极影响为研究问题构建了一个中介模型。企业社会责任在组织微观层面的内涵越来越得到企业的重视,实现了员工的企业社会责任由产出需求转向投资视角,成为企业满足员工工作需要和工作资源的参照标准体系,有利于提升企业人力资源管理效能。本文研究发现:企业社会责任分别从企业经济责任、法律责任、伦理责任和自行裁量责任影响人力资源管理效能;变革型领导和交易型领导对企业社会责任和人力资源管理效能具有协同中介作用。研究结论对于企业社会责任、领导行为和人力资源管理三者匹配具有重要的理论和现实意义。